Descriptive text adalah jenis teks yang menggambarkan orang, hewan, tempat, atau benda secara detail.

Untuk siswa kelas 6 SD, memahami descriptive text sangat penting karena sering muncul dalam ujian dan membantu meningkatkan kemampuan reading comprehension.

Artikel ini menyediakan 20 contoh soal bahasa Inggris kelas 6 SD tentang descriptive text lengkap dengan jawaban dan pembahasan.

Apa Itu Descriptive Text?

Descriptive text adalah teks yang mendeskripsikan atau menggambarkan karakteristik suatu objek secara spesifik. Tujuannya adalah memberikan gambaran yang jelas kepada pembaca tentang objek yang dijelaskan.

Struktur Descriptive Text:

  1. Identification: Pengenalan objek yang akan dideskripsikan.
  2. Description: Penjelasan detail tentang ciri-ciri, sifat, atau karakteristik objek.
  3. Ciri khas: Menggunakan simple present tense, banyak adjective, dan fokus pada detail.

Ciri-ciri Descriptive Text

1. Menggunakan Simple Present Tense

  • My cat is white
  • It has long fur
  • The building is tall

2. Banyak Menggunakan Adjective

  • Beautiful, big, small, long, short
  • Cute, scary, friendly, kind
  • Red, blue, green, colorful

3. Fokus pada Detail

Menjelaskan warna, ukuran, bentuk, tekstur, dan karakteristik lainnya.

20 Contoh Soal Pilihan Ganda

Text 1: My Pet Cat

Read the text below to answer questions 1-5.

My Pet Cat

I have a pet cat. Her name is Molly. She is two years old. Molly is a Persian cat. She has long white fur and big blue eyes. Her nose is pink and her ears are small. Molly is very cute and friendly. She likes to play with a ball of yarn. She also loves to sleep on the sofa. I feed her twice a day. She eats fish and cat food. Molly is my best friend.

Soal 1: What is the text about? a. A dog b. A cat c. A bird d. A fish

Jawaban: b. A cat Pembahasan: Teks mendeskripsikan kucing peliharaan bernama Molly.

Soal 2: What is the name of the cat? a. Milly b. Molly c. Polly d. Dolly

Jawaban: b. Molly Pembahasan: “Her name is Molly.”

Soal 3: What color is Molly’s fur? a. Black b. Brown c. White d. Grey

Jawaban: c. White Pembahasan: “She has long white fur.”

Soal 4: What does Molly like to play with? a. A ball b. A doll c. A ball of yarn d. A toy car

Jawaban: c. A ball of yarn Pembahasan: “She likes to play with a ball of yarn.”

Soal 5: How often does the writer feed Molly? a. Once a day b. Twice a day c. Three times a day d. Every hour

Jawaban: b. Twice a day Pembahasan: “I feed her twice a day.”

Text 2: My School

Read the text below to answer questions 6-10.

My School

My school is SDN 05 Menteng. It is located on Jalan Sudirman. The school building is big and painted white and blue. It has two floors and twenty classrooms. There is a large garden in front of the school with many flowers and trees. Behind the school, there is a football field where students play sports. The school also has a library with many books. I love my school because it is clean and comfortable.

Soal 6: What is the name of the school? a. SDN 04 Menteng b. SDN 05 Menteng c. SDN 06 Menteng d. SMP 05 Menteng

Jawaban: b. SDN 05 Menteng Pembahasan: “My school is SDN 05 Menteng.”

Soal 7: What color is the school building? a. Red and white b. White and blue c. Blue and green d. Yellow and white

Jawaban: b. White and blue Pembahasan: “The school building is big and painted white and blue.”

Soal 8: How many classrooms does the school have? a. Ten b. Fifteen c. Twenty d. Twenty-five

Jawaban: c. Twenty Pembahasan: “It has two floors and twenty classrooms.”

Soal 9: Where is the football field? a. In front of the school b. Behind the school c. Beside the school d. Inside the school

Jawaban: b. Behind the school Pembahasan: “Behind the school, there is a football field.”

Soal 10: What is in front of the school? a. A parking lot b. A library c. A garden d. A field

Jawaban: c. A garden Pembahasan: “There is a large garden in front of the school.”

Text 3: My Best Friend

Read the text below to answer questions 11-15.

My Best Friend

My best friend is Andi. He is twelve years old. He is tall and slim. He has short black hair and brown eyes. Andi wears glasses. He is very smart and kind. He always helps me with my homework. Andi likes reading books and playing basketball. His favorite subject is Mathematics. He wants to be a teacher when he grows up. I am happy to have a friend like Andi.

Soal 11: Who is the writer’s best friend? a. Andy b. Andi c. Anwar d. Anton

Jawaban: b. Andi Pembahasan: “My best friend is Andi.”

Soal 12: How old is Andi? a. Ten years old b. Eleven years old c. Twelve years old d. Thirteen years old

Jawaban: c. Twelve years old Pembahasan: “He is twelve years old.”

Soal 13: What does Andi look like? a. Short and fat b. Tall and slim c. Short and slim d. Tall and fat

Jawaban: b. Tall and slim Pembahasan: “He is tall and slim.”

Soal 14: What is Andi’s favorite subject? a. English b. Science c. Mathematics d. Art

Jawaban: c. Mathematics Pembahasan: “His favorite subject is Mathematics.”

Soal 15: What does Andi want to be? a. A doctor b. A teacher c. An engineer d. A pilot

Jawaban: b. A teacher Pembahasan: “He wants to be a teacher when he grows up.”

Text 4: An Elephant

Read the text below to answer questions 16-20.

An Elephant

An elephant is the largest land animal. It has a big body, large ears, and a long trunk. The trunk is used for many things like drinking water, picking up food, and spraying water. Elephants have thick grey skin. They also have two long white tusks. Elephants are herbivores. They eat grass, leaves, and fruits. Elephants are very intelligent animals. They live in groups called herds.

Soal 16: What is the text about? a. A lion b. An elephant c. A tiger d. A giraffe

Jawaban: b. An elephant Pembahasan: Teks mendeskripsikan gajah (elephant).

Soal 17: What does an elephant use its trunk for? a. Only for drinking b. Only for eating c. For drinking, eating, and spraying water d. For walking

Jawaban: c. For drinking, eating, and spraying water Pembahasan: “The trunk is used for many things like drinking water, picking up food, and spraying water.”

Soal 18: What color is an elephant’s skin? a. Brown b. Black c. White d. Grey

Jawaban: d. Grey Pembahasan: “Elephants have thick grey skin.”

Soal 19: What do elephants eat? a. Meat b. Fish c. Grass, leaves, and fruits d. Insects

Jawaban: c. Grass, leaves, and fruits Pembahasan: “They eat grass, leaves, and fruits.”

Soal 20: What is a group of elephants called? a. Pack b. Herd c. Flock d. School

Jawaban: b. Herd Pembahasan: “They live in groups called herds.”

Tips Mengerjakan Soal Descriptive Text

1. Baca Judul Terlebih Dahulu

Judul memberikan gambaran tentang objek yang dideskripsikan.

2. Identifikasi Bagian Identification

Paragraf pertama biasanya memperkenalkan objek yang akan dijelaskan.

3. Fokus pada Detail

Perhatikan detail seperti warna, ukuran, bentuk, dan karakteristik.

4. Cari Kata Kunci

Untuk pertanyaan detail, cari kata kunci di teks:

  • “What color…” → cari kata warna
  • “How many…” → cari angka
  • “Where…” → cari tempat

5. Pahami Adjective

Descriptive text penuh dengan kata sifat (adjective) yang mendeskripsikan.

6. Perhatikan Preposisi Tempat

  • In front of (di depan)
  • Behind (di belakang)
  • Beside (di samping)
  • On (di atas)
  • Under (di bawah)

7. Baca Pertanyaan Dulu

Membaca pertanyaan sebelum teks membantu fokus pada informasi yang dicari.

8. Jangan Menebak

Selalu cari jawaban di teks, jangan mengandalkan pengetahuan umum saja.

Struktur Descriptive Text yang Baik

Identification

Perkenalan objek:

  • What is it? (Apa itu?)
  • Who is he/she? (Siapa dia?)
  • Where is it? (Dimana itu?)

Description

Detail objek:

  • Physical appearance (penampilan fisik)
  • Characteristics (karakteristik)
  • Behavior (tingkah laku)
  • Function (fungsi)

Vocabulary Penting untuk Descriptive Text

Size (Ukuran)

Big, small, large, tiny, huge, enormous, medium

Color (Warna)

Red, blue, green, yellow, white, black, grey, brown, pink

Shape (Bentuk)

Round, square, oval, rectangular, triangular, long, short

Texture (Tekstur)

Soft, hard, smooth, rough, silky, furry, thick, thin

Personality (Kepribadian)

Kind, friendly, smart, brave, cheerful, lazy, diligent, honest

Contoh Kalimat Descriptive

Describing Animals

  • The cat has soft fur
  • The elephant is very big
  • The bird has colorful feathers
  • The dog is friendly and loyal

Describing People

  • She has long black hair
  • He is tall and handsome
  • My mother is kind and patient
  • My teacher wears glasses

Describing Places

  • The beach is beautiful
  • The building is very tall
  • My room is small but comfortable
  • The park has many trees

Materi Pendukung Descriptive Text

Untuk memperdalam pemahaman tentang descriptive text, siswa bisa mempelajari berbagai contoh descriptive text tentang hewan dan benda:

Kesalahan Umum saat Mengerjakan Soal

Kesalahan 1: Tidak Membaca Keseluruhan Teks

Langsung mencari jawaban tanpa memahami konteks keseluruhan.

Solusi: Baca teks lengkap minimal satu kali sebelum menjawab.

Kesalahan 2: Mengandalkan Pengetahuan Umum

Menjawab berdasarkan pengetahuan sendiri, bukan dari teks.

Solusi: Selalu cari jawaban yang tersurat di teks.

Kesalahan 3: Terburu-buru

Membaca terlalu cepat dan melewatkan detail penting.

Solusi: Baca dengan teliti, terutama kata kunci.

Kesalahan 4: Salah Membedakan Sinonim

Pertanyaan pakai kata “huge” tapi teks pakai “big.”

Solusi: Pahami sinonim kata sifat yang umum.

Kesimpulan

Descriptive text adalah jenis teks yang penting dikuasai siswa kelas 6 SD karena melatih kemampuan reading comprehension. Dengan 20 soal latihan di atas, siswa bisa:

  • Memahami struktur descriptive text
  • Mengidentifikasi informasi detail
  • Menjawab berbagai jenis pertanyaan
  • Menguasai vocabulary descriptive

Kunci sukses adalah membaca dengan teliti dan fokus pada detail yang diberikan dalam teks. Latihan rutin dengan berbagai topik descriptive text akan meningkatkan kemampuan reading secara signifikan.

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